Problem 6.2.3

 

Calculate the minimum reflux for a fractionation column that is designed to produce a distillate composition of 91.5 percent when feed is 36 percent in more volatile component.  The feed quality is 1.04 and the equilibrium data can be estimated by a relative volatility of 4.12.

 

Solution:

 

Equilibrium curve (y versus x) can be generated using the relationship: y is equal to alpha x over (one plus (alpha minus one) times x).

Draw a diagonal line (45 degree slope).  Draw feed line that passes through point (xF, xF) and has an intercept of xF over q.  On the y-x diagram, locate point 1 having coordinates (xF/q, 0) and point 2 (xF, xF).  Join these points and extend to the equilibrium curve and locate point 3.

 

This point 3 lies on the rectification line.  Locate point 4 having coordinates (xD, xD).  Draw a line joining points 4 and 3 and extend to the y-axis and obtain point 5.  This intercept has a value of xD over (Rmin plus one).  Plugging in the values of xD, Rmin.

 

Draw feed line that passes through point (0.36, 0.36) and has an intercept of 0.346. 

Locate point 1 having coordinates (0.346, 0) and point 2 (0.36, 0.36).

Join these points and extend to the equilibrium curve and locate point 3.

Locate point 4 having coordinates (0.915, 0.915). 

Draw a line by joining points 4 and 3 and extend to the y-axis and obtain point 5. 

Read the intercept value, I, as 0.57. 

Plugging in the values of xD, Rmin can be calculated as 0.6.